As it has been studied in the previous analysis, it is unfortunately very common to find various cases of corruption in Peru. Corruption, as mentioned before, is a sensitive issue that has been going on for many years and that occurs in different situations. While corruption persists, the government and the state do everything possible to solve this problem, however it causes various consequences to the country.
Starting with the social aspect, we must consider the cause-effect relationship as a chain or a stack of dominoes; if one falls, it will make the others fall. We can mention that the greatest impact that corruption has in our society is the lack of the citizen's participation in the political system due to the mistrust towards the elite, which turns out to be either opportunists or incapable to ensure the security and progress of our nation. As Peru is governed by a democratic system, the participation of citizens in the decision-making process is essential - however, the elected leaders only lead us downhill and show no benefits for our community. Consequently, the rate of inequality increases, because the abstention rate is very high - citizens have stopped fighting for rights through the ballot box.
Within the economic point of view, the consequences generated by corruption affect the prosperity of economic development. Indeed, corruption wastes valuable resources, as well as diverting funds destined for basic services such as education, housing, sanitary maintenance and water supply. It causes discontent in the population and future problems within the structure of the country. Another consequence is the diversion of funds generated each time a work is going to be done that would merit the structure of the country, because what at the time was a moderate cost in which materials and labor are included now includes one more cost that would be that of bribes among others, thus increasing what at the time was a moderate cost to a cost that exceeds the budget, which in the long run transforms a project that had the objective of improving the quality of life into a problem since it endangers the future financing. Moreover, private investors no longer considerate Peru as a country to invest because of the political instability, which triggers unemployment and the devaluation of our currency.
Regarding the political consequences, we have a clear example of political instability, which is triggered by social and economic consequences. First of all, the country's elites monopolize power in order to protect their interests. Another example is vacancy intentions without any justification. There are also cabinet changes because the first minister and his government do not pass the Congress barrier (confidence vote). Another of the most worrying consequences is that the projects presented for the benefit of Peru do not take place because the powers of the state have other priorities, they do not implement them or simply never approve them. Also, there is the mistrust of citizens into the state due to political instability leaded by corruption. Regime changes, to a greater or lesser extent, can be explained from the verification of previous factors of corruption. This phenomenon greatly diminishes the confidence of the people in the regular functioning of political institutions, generating a halt in their development and presenting situations that can determine an environment of social dissatisfaction.
REFERENCES:
- Mariana, E. (2019). La corrupción en el Perú caracterÃsticas, causas, consecuencias y alternativas de solución. Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca. https://repositorio.unc.edu.pe/handle/20.500.14074/3376
- Raimundo, S (2003). La corrupción desde una perspectiva económica https://www.flacsoandes.edu.ec/sites/default/files/agora/files/1275931953.raimundo_soto.pdf
- KKIENERM. (s/f). Anti-corruption module 1 key issues: Effects of corruption. Unodc.org. Recuperado el 26 de mayo de 2022, de https://www.unodc.org/e4j/es/anti-corruption/module-1/key-issues/effects-of-corruption.html
- Yván Montoya Vivanco (2007). Sobre la corrupción en el Perú. Algunas notas sobre sus caracterÃsticas, causas, consecuencias y estrategias para enfrentarla (págs. 32-45). Centro de Estudios y Publicaciones 2007 (Vol. 32). https://www2.congreso.gob.pe/sicr/cendocbib/con4_uibd.nsf/98F34F32106A975A05257E0600627371/$FILE/Sobre_la_corrupción_en_el_Perú._Montoya.pdf
